Finance in a minute

The world’s first stock exchange opened in Amsterdam in 1602 and it didn’t look anything like what we imagine today. At the time, global trade was risky and slow. Ships travelled for months to bring back spices, silk, and other goods. If a ship sank, investors could lose everything. Earlier, people funded these voyages individually, which meant one bad journey could wipe someone out. The Dutch East India Company solved this problem by creating a new idea. Instead of investing

In 1949, a businessman named Frank McNamara went out for dinner in New York with his clients. When the bill arrived, he realized he had forgotten his wallet. His wife had to rush over with cash to save him from the embarrassment. That night, Frank had an idea: what if people could pay without always carrying cash? A year later, in 1950, he launched the Diners Club Card, the world’s first credit card. It allowed members to dine but then pay later. At first, only 27 restaurants